Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy HCM

Monitor

Physical Examination: Cats with HCM frequently (but not always) have a heart murmur. An arrhythmia (irregular heart rhythm) or gallop (extra heart sound) is sometimes detected. It is not possible to determine the severity of heart disease based on examination alone.

Echocardiography (Heart Ultrasound): Echocardiography is the best test for HCM. It allows us to evaluate the thickness and function of the heart muscle, to assess the size of the left atrium, and to detect clot formation.

Thoracic Radiographs (Chest X-rays): Chest X-rays are often taken to look for evidence of congestive heart failure. Many cats with mild to moderate HCM will have relatively normal-looking hearts on X-ray.

Bloodwork & Urine Testing: Full bloodwork and urine testing is recommended to assess for underlying diseases that can cause thickening of the heart muscle. These include hyperthyroidism and systemic hypertension related to kidney disease. BNP is a blood test that may be used to screen for heart disease and monitor progression of disease in some patients.

Treatment

Clopidolgrel (Plavix): Low molecular weight heparin can also be used to prevent clot formation. Enoxaparin is only available in injectable form. Some cats with HCM also have Systolic Anterior Motion (SAM) of the mitral valve. These cats may be prescribed a beta-blocker such as Atenolol.

Enoxaparin (Lovenox):In its early stages, HCM may only require monitoring. Based on the echocardiographic assessment, these medications may be prescribed.

Atenolol (Or Other Beta Blocker):Plavix may be prescribed when the left atrium becomes enlarged due to increased risk of clot formation. Studies have shown that Plavix is more effective than aspirin at preventing clotting.